The Perception of Mothers on Malaria, Toxoplasmosis and their Pathological Consequences in the Mother and Baby in Biyem-Assi Yaounde

Abstract

Malaria is a parasitic disease that causes morbidity and mortality in many areas of the world especially in Sub-Saharan Africa and particularly in Cameroon. It is characterised by febrile manifestation, liver inflammation and anaemia. Toxoplasmosis is another parasitic infection caused by an obligate intracellular parasite (Toxoplasma gondii) and is found in many countries of the world. It causes spontaneous abortion in pregnant women and hydrocephally in new- born babies. Malaria and Toxoplasmosis co-infections can cause serious pathological consequences on both mother and fœtus.  The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malaria, toxoplasmosis, and malaria and toxoplasmosis coinfection in pregnant women during ante natal consultations at Biyem - Assi hospital and to assess their knowledge of the pathological consequences of malaria, toxoplasmosis, and coinfection on the mother and baby. It was a cross-sectional study. Blood samples were collected by finger-prinking and structured questionnaires were administered to 226 pregnant women. The results showed that 39.38 %, 23 % and 8.4 % of women tested positive for malaria, toxoplasmosis and coinfection respectively. The most commonly cited consequence of theses infections was spontaneous abortion. The results obtained showed a significant association between the level of education and the level of knowledge of women about toxoplasmosis and coinfection of toxoplasmosis and malaria (p < 0.05). The level of knowledge of the pregnant woman is not satisfactory as regards toxoplasmosis and co-infection but quite good as regards malaria. The studies have revealed the need for continouos education on toxoplasmosis for pregnant women and girls of childbearing age, and more comprehensive preventive measures. The implementation of public health and education policies that take into account economic, social, environmental and cultural differences are of prime importance.