The Management of Zygomatic Complex Fractures: A Review

Abstract

The face symmetry has prominent role in the human body after injuries and accident. The zygomatic region is important factor in the injuries face. Due to its location, its fracture is the 2nd frequent fractured bone of mid-facial. Zygomatic bone fractures are more abundant in young males and its incidence and etiology is different based on location. Post-traumatic facial deformity is the most incorrect reconstruction of the facial skeleton. Inadequate healing of the supported soft tissues lead to malposition of landmarks, shrinkage and thickening. The zygomatic bone fracture and coronoid process impingement lead to restricted mouth opening. Interruption in zygomatic position has psychological, aesthetic and functional effects which impairs the function of mandible and ocular tissue. Therefore, diagnose and properly management of the zygomatic bone injury is important. Healing displaced fragments of zygomatic bone after inadequate fixation and reduction of fracture consequences facial asymmetry. There is a lack of information about evaluation of benefits and costs of different zmc fracture methods. So, this literature review was done to characterize the etiology, incidence, clinical findings and results of different treatment trends of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. Surgeons have been utilized numerous approaches, but there are different ideas for the best one.