Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 3.0

The Assessment of Tobacco Smoke Toxicity on Selected Tissues from the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems of the Albino Rat, an Ultrastructural Study

Wajdy Al-Awaida, Ziad Shraideh, Darwish Badran, Hayel Shehadeh

Annual Research & Review in Biology · pp. 3666–3686 · Published 30 Jun 2014

10.9734/ARRB/2014/10893

Abstract

Objectives: This work focuses on the effect of cigarette smoke exposure toxicity on the ultrastructure of selected albino rats’ cardiovascular and respiratory systems tissues from and their recovery within three months after exposure. Materials and Methods: Sixty male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used in this study. Two groups, each consists of thirty rats. The first group was exposed to the cigarette smoke for three months on a daily basis, using a special modified smoking machine, while the second group (control) was left untreated. The exposure to smoking was followed by a period of three months of non-exposure to smoking as a recovery period. Following each period, the ultrastructural study was performed. Results: Cigarette smoke caused ultrastructural changes in the tracheal epithelium, heart ventricles and lung alveoli. Thin section of tracheal epithelium showed low number of cilia, a high degree of cytoplasmic vacuolization. Mitochondria aggregates in the apical portion of epithelial cells, inclusion bodies are present, and disrupted endoplasmic reticulums were also observed. The alveolar epithelium showed damaged multilamellar bodies of type II pneumocyte, together with cytoplasmic vacuolization and chromatin condensation, membrane blebs projecting from the cytoplasm, and degeneration of alveolar epithelium. The ventricular cardiomyocytes revealed mitochondria with deteriorated and partially disrupted or disappeared cristae. Also it showed areas with disrupted Z-discs. After the recovery period, those tissues showed partial recovery. Conclusion: Smoking induces ultrastructural changes in the respiratory passages and heart that affects the gaseous exchange and may predispose to cancerous changes due to accumulation of toxic and carcinogenic compounds, chromatin condensation and tissue inflammation. Cessation of exposure to cigarette smoking is important in returning most these changes to their normal ultrastructure.

Cigarette smoke Ultrastructural change cardiovascular system respiratory system

References (39)

  1. 1 THE USE OF LEAD CITRATE AT HIGH pH AS AN ELECTRON-OPAQUE STAIN IN ELECTRON MICROSCOPY [DOI]
  2. 2 A formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative of high osmolality for use in electron-microscopy
  3. 3 Tobacco carcinogens, their biomarkers and tobacco-induced cancer [DOI]
  4. 4 How cigarette smoke skews immune responses to promote infection, lung disease and cancer [DOI]
  5. 5 Analysis of complex mixtures – Cigarette smoke [DOI]
  6. 6 Beliefs and attitudes related to narghile (waterpipe) smoking among university students in Syria [DOI]
  7. 7 Effects of cigarette smoke on epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. [DOI]
  8. 8 Estimation of Polish cigarettes contamination with cadmium and lead, and exposure to these metals via smoking [DOI]
  9. 9 Interaction Between Cigarette Smoking and Clinical Benefit of Clopidogrel [DOI]
  10. 10 Oxidative Stress, Cell Death, and Other Damage to Alveolar Epithelial Cells Induced by Cigarette Smoke [DOI]
  11. 11 Smoke Extract Stimulates Lung Epithelial Cells to Release Neutrophil and Monocyte Chemotactic Activity [DOI]
  12. 12 Chemical constituents and bioactivity of tobacco smoke.
  13. 13 Cigarette Smoking, Systolic Blood Pressure, and Cardiovascular Diseases in the Asia-Pacific Region [DOI]
  14. 14 Levels of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Mainstream Smoke from Different Tobacco Varieties [DOI]
  15. 15 Inhibition of oral peroxidase activity by cigarette smoke: in vivo and in vitro studies [DOI]
  16. 16 Impact of Smoking on Cancer Stage at Diagnosis [DOI]
  17. 17 Cardiovascular damage from smoking: a fact or belief? [DOI]
  18. 18 Ultrastructural Alterations in Intraalveolar Surfactant Subtypes after Experimental Ischemia and Reperfusion [DOI]
  19. 19 Carcinogens in tobacco smoke: benzo[a]pyrene from Canadian cigarettes and cigarette tobacco. [DOI]
  20. 20 Histopathologic Effects of Chromate Chemicals [DOI]
  21. 21 Effect of Smoking Cessation on Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Function [DOI]
  22. 22 Cigarette smoking and health of the heart [DOI]
  23. 23 Vascular damage from smoking: disease mechanisms at the arterial wall [DOI]
  24. 24 Ameliorative effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on histopathological and biochemical changes induced by cigarette smoke in rat kidney [DOI]
  25. 25 Effect of vitamin e on oocytes apoptosis in nicotine-treated mice.
  26. 26 Cigarette smoking and the risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer in a prospective cohort study [DOI]
  27. 27 Ultrastructural changes of pneumocytes of rat exposed to Arabian incense (Bakhour) [DOI]
  28. 28 Effects of cigarette smoke on epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. [DOI]
  29. 29 Effects of cigarette smoking on histology of trachea and lungs of albino rat.
  30. 30 Correlation of antioxidant and NADPH generating enzymes activities with tissues inflammation during smoke exposure of rats and smoke cessation.
  31. 31 Early Alterations in Intracellular and Alveolar Surfactant of the Rat Lung in Response to Endotoxin [DOI]
  32. 32 The effect of resveratrol in tracheal tissue of rats exposed to cigarette smoke [DOI]
  33. 33 A modified Smoking Machine for Monitoring the Effect of Tobacco Smoke on Albino Rats
  34. 34 Cigarettes and the wages of sn-2: oxidized species of PAF in smoking hamsters. [DOI]
  35. 35 THE STUDY OF HISTOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SOLDER FUMES IN RAT LUNGS [DOI]
  36. 36 Alveolar cell hyperplasia in the lungs of smoking dogs [DOI]
  37. 37 Serial electron and light microscopic studies on the dog lung in chronic experimental pulmonary edema.
  38. 38 Effect of tobacco smoke exposure on rat tracheal submucosal glands: an ultrastructural study. [DOI]
  39. 39 [Tobacco smoking and cardiovascular diseases].

Cited by 3

Impact of prolonged exposure to occasional and regular waterpipe smoke on cardiac injury, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in male mice

Naserddine Hamadi, S. Al-Salam, S. Beegam · Frontiers in Physiology · 2024

RESVERATROL ATTENUATES HISTOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN TRACHEA OF MICE INDUCED BY SECONDHAND SUBCHRONIC EXPOSURE OF CIGARETTE AND WATERPIPE TOBACCO SMOKING

Ahmed Abdulkarim Alzbeede, Z. Shraideh, D. Badran · 2020

Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences Structural Characterization of Rat Ventricular Tissue Exposed to Blockinthe Blockinsmoke Blockinof Blockintwo Blockintypes Blockinof Blockinwaterpipe

W. Al-Awaida, Blockinhossam Blockinnajjar, Blockinziad Blockinshraideh

Related research

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

2

Page views

0

PDF downloads

0

Outbound clicks

3

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.