Assessment of Enablers and Barriers to Childhood Immunisation in Gassol Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria

Abstract

Childhood immunization remains a critical public health strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with vaccine-preventable diseases. This study assesses the enablers and barriers to childhood immunization in Gassol Local Government Area (LGA) of Taraba State, Nigeria, using a qualitative research approach. Data were collected through Key Informant Interviews (KII) and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with caregivers, healthcare workers, and community leaders. Key enablers identified include community awareness campaigns, support from local leaders, accessible healthcare infrastructure, trust in healthcare professionals, and government and NGO-supported initiatives. Conversely, barriers to immunization encompass cultural beliefs, misinformation about vaccines, logistical challenges such as vaccine stockouts and inconvenient scheduling, limited engagement by healthcare workers, and financial constraints faced by caregivers. The findings show the importance of targeted strategies to strengthen community engagement, improve healthcare accessibility, and address sociocultural and economic barriers.