Effect of Orange Peel Flour on the Quality Characteristics of Bread
Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology · pp. 823–830 · Published 9 Dec 2013
10.9734/BJAST/2014/6610Abstract
Aims: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of orange peel flour (OPF) substitution with wheat flour in bread production (substitution levels of 3, 6 and 9%) on the proximate composition, phytochemicals content, baking and sensory characteristics. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Food Science and Technology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria for seven months. Methodology: Oranges were washed thoroughly and peeled. Peels were boiled in water, sundried and ground into flour. Bread was produced by replacing wheat flour with 3, 6 and 9% OPF. Bread samples were analyzed for proximate composition (fat, moisture, protein, ash, fibre and carbohydrates), phytochemicals (tannins, saponins and alkaloids), baking characteristics (oven spring, loaf volume, specific volume and weight) and sensory quality. Results: The addition of orange peel flour led to reduction in protein (8.2-2.7%) and fat (1.7-0.8%) but increased the ash (2.3-4.3%), fibre (0.6-5.8%) and carbohydrates (59.9-62.1%) contents. Phytochemicals levels also increased with increased levels of orange peel flour in the samples. Tannins ranged from 3.6-8.0mg/g, saponins from 0.9-1.4mg/g and alkaloids from 3.6-4.8mg/g. Oven spring decreased from 2.0 to 0.2cm, loaf volume from 8.0 to 4.8cm3 and specific volume from 5.3 to 3.2cm3/g. Sensory quality decreased with increase in orange peel flour for all the attributes studied. However sensory quality of bread made with 3% OPF did not differ from that made with 100% wheat flour. Conclusion: The use of orange peel flour in bread has the advantage of improving the fibre, ash and phytochemicals levels in bread. However only bread produced with 3% OPF had sensory quality comparable to that produced with 100% wheat. Orange peel flour in bread production will not only add value to food but will also reduce environmental pollution as well as reduce the cost of importation of wheat.
Cited by 19
Amiza M.A., Zamzahaila M.Z., Nurnabila N. · Food Research · 2022
Adeyeye S. A. O, Bolaji O. T, Abegunde T. A · Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal · 2019
Rebecca Olajumoke Obafaye, Olufunmilayo Sade Omoba · Journal of Food Biochemistry · 2018
Emmanuel Kehinde Oke, Michael Ayodele Idowu, Olajide Philip Sobukola · Journal of Culinary Science & Technology · 2017
C. Kavitha, B. Moganapathi, K. Anchana · Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research · 2024
Vichearavann Phuon, Inês N. Ramos, Teresa R. S. Brandão · Journal of Food Process Engineering · 2021
Ali Muhammad, Kenan Sinan Dayisoylu, Jinjin Pei · Frontiers in Nutrition · 2023
Juan Serrano-León, Gissel González-Villamarín, David Salgado-Cepeda · infoANALÍTICA · 2024
Laís Benvenutti, Fernanda Moreira Moura, Gabriela Zanghelini · Foods · 2025
Sigrid Kusch-Brandt, Jan Mumme, Ossanna Nashalian · Processing and Sustainability of Beverages · 2019
Related research
- Antibacterial Activity of Bidens pilosa Extracts on Escherichia coli O157: H7 Isolated from Apparently Healthy Individuals — shares topic coverage
- Antimicrobial Activity, Phytochemical Screening and Nutrient Analysis of Tetrapleura tetraptera and Piper guineense — shares topic coverage
- Phytochemical and Nutraceutical Potentials of Beach Bean (Canavalia rosea SW.) DC Grown in Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria — shares topic coverage
- Phytochemical Screening, In vitro Antioxidant Capacity and Nephro-protective Effects of Combined Extract of Psidium guajava and Carica papaya Leaves in Rats Intoxicated with Cadmium — shares topic coverage
- Therapeutic Potential of Phytochemicals in Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review — shares topic coverage
Article metrics
Real usage data collected on this platform.
0
Page views
0
PDF downloads
0
Outbound clicks
19
Citations
Views by country
Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".
No views recorded yet.
Traffic sources
Referring site, by host.
No traffic recorded yet.
Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.