Advanced Molecular Typing Strategies for Surveillance of Staphylococcus spp

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus spp is known to trigger an extensive array of healthcare-related infections in humans and are naturally adaptable to a broad spectrum of environmental sources. With emergence antibiotic strains, it becomes necessary to use advanced techniques to investigate of antibiotic resistance status with precision. Aim: This present review outlines the use and importance of molecular typing of Staphylococcus spp. These molecular methods are important to study the prevalence of Staphylococcus spp and also pattern of spreading of antibiotic resistance in species of Staphylococcus. The various tools of molecular typing techniques viz. Multi-Locus Sequence Typing; Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry; Repetitive Element Palindromic PCR; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisma highlighting the features and how these techniques has helped in studying the Staphylococcus spp at molecular level. Conclusion:  In conclusion, it may be summarised that Molecular typing techniques are crucial for the identification, classification, and surveillance of Staphylococcus species, especially methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) of Staphylococcus aureus. These methods' high resolution, speed, and precision enable researchers and public health officials to monitor the spread of certain clones throughout regions within hospitals and communities. Recognize the virulence features and antibiotic resistance's epidemiology and evolution. Contribute to international surveillance initiatives by providing comparable and standardized data.