Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Sustainable Commercial Sod Production of Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda Grass) in Ghana: Assessing Growth, Visual, and Physical Quality

S. E. Owusu, L. Atuah, I. Idun, I. Ntekor, E. Appiah

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science · pp. 180–189 · Published 31 Jan 2024

10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i24379

Abstract

Despite health and environmental concerns associated with the use of artificial grass, there is a noticeable shift towards its usage. Using natural sod remains a more sustainable approach to maintain pitch quality in the country, though it is not commercially available. This study evaluated the growth, visual, and physical quality of Bermuda grass for commercial sod production using both seed and sprigs in Ghana. The experiment employed a 3x3 factorial randomized complete block design with three replications, considering fertilizer and base netting as factors. Fertilizer levels included chicken manure (10 tons/ha), Harvestmore® foliar fertilizer (460 kg/ha), and no fertilizer. Base netting consisted of window net, jute fibre mat, and no base netting. Parameters such as tiller length, clipping biomass, chlorophyll content index (CCI), color, smoothness, coverage, tensile strength, and handling quality were measured. For seeded sod, chicken manure without base netting resulted in the highest tiller length (27.62 cm), while the foliar fertilizer and no net interaction recorded 33.13 cm for sprigged sod. The combination of chicken manure with netting and without base netting exhibited the highest CCI, with values of 37.51 and 40.53 for seeded and sprigged sod, respectively. Treatments with fertilizer displayed the best genetic color performance, and treatments with window netting also showed the best results for handling and tensile strength. Overall, the application of chicken manure and foliar fertilizer with window netting significantly improved the growth, visual appearance, and physical strength of both seeded and sprigged sod, meeting commercial standards.

Sustainable sod production Bermuda grass football pitches fertilizer and netting visual quality

References (18)

  1. 1 Different organic manure sources and NPK fertilizer on soil chemical properties, growth, yield and quality of okra [DOI]
  2. 2 Poultry manure effect on growth and yield of maize [DOI]
  3. 3 Role of Organic Fertilizers in Improving Soil Fertility [DOI]
  4. 4 Current Strategies for the Production of Sustainable Biopolymer Composites [DOI]
  5. 5 Comprehensive transcriptional analysis reveals salt stress-regulated key pathways, hub genes and time-specific responsive gene categories in common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) roots [DOI]
  6. 6 Factors affecting soil quality among smallholder macadamia farms in Malawi [DOI]
  7. 7 Combining Seed Dressing and Foliar Applications of Phosphorus Fertilizer Can Give Similar Crop Growth and Yield Benefits to Soil Applications Together With Greater Recovery Rates [DOI]
  8. 8 Effect of Post-Grazing Sward Height, Sire Genotype and Indoor Finishing Diet on Steer Intake, Growth and Production in Grass-Based Suckler Weanling-to-Beef Systems [DOI]
  9. 9 Sod production and the effects of liquid organo-mineral fertilizers and thickness of sod [DOI]
  10. 10 Tall Fescue Sod Production with Plastic Netting1 [DOI]
  11. 11 The Turfgrass Industry [DOI]
  12. 12 Effects of Different Water Regimes and Poultry Manure on Growth, Development and Yield of Hot Pepper (Capsicum annum L.)
  13. 13 Assessment of Physical Suitability of Soils for Vegetable Production in the Libga Irrigation Scheme, Northern Region, Ghana Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Weighted Overlay Analysis [DOI]
  14. 14 Evaluation of Chrysopogon Aciculatus (Ritz.) Trin. Seed for Sod Production in Ghana: An Assessment of Growth Performance and Post Harvest Quality [DOI]
  15. 15 Investigation of Net‐Sod Production as a New Technique [DOI]
  16. 16 Techniques for Rapid Sod Production [DOI]
  17. 17 Development of Improved Turf-Type Bermudagrasses
  18. 18 Economic Analysis of Turfgrass-Sod Production in Alabama

Cited by 1

Comprehensive Review of the Phytochemical Diversity and Pharmacological Multifunctionality of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers

AJAY KUMAR VERMA · International Journal of Emerging Multidisciplinaries: Biomedical and Clinical Research · 2025

Related research

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

7

Page views

0

PDF downloads

1

Outbound clicks

1

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.