Spatial Distribution and Ethnomedical uses of Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC in Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract

This study assessed the current spatial distribution and ethnomedical uses of Desmodium adscendens in Côte d’Ivoire. Field surveys were conducted in 22 localities across the southern, central, eastern, western and northern regions. Ethnobotanical data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 120 traditional medicine practitioners in six representative localities. Information was obtained on vernacular names, collection habitats, plant parts used, conditions treated, preparation methods and routes of administration. Geographic coordinates were recorded and analysed using a geographic information system, while interview data were summarised using frequencies and proportions. Desmodium adscendens was recorded in 17 of the 22 surveyed localities, corresponding to an occurrence rate of 77.27%, and was mainly associated with forested, pre-forested and agroforestry environments. Leaves combined with twigs were the most frequently used plant material (74.56%). Female infertility was the most commonly reported therapeutic indication (48.33%), followed by skin conditions (12.50%), hepatitis (9.17%) and dystocia (9.17%). Decoction was the predominant preparation method (58.33%), while oral administration was the most frequently reported route (51.67%). The findings document the present occurrence and reported traditional uses of D. adscendens in Côte d’Ivoire. They provide baseline information for botanical authentication, ecological assessment and further pharmacological and toxicological investigation, while indicating the need to consider sustainable management of the species and its habitats.