Spatial Awareness of Colonoscopy for Colon Cancer Screening among the Elderly Population in Enugu North LGA, Enugu State, Nigeria

Abstract

Colon cancer is one of the major health concerns globally. In Enugu North LGA of Nigeria, elderly residents have low awareness and uptake of colonoscopy. This study examines factors influencing screening awareness and accessibility, to reduce colorectal cancer mortality. A cross-sectional survey of 300 elderly residents was conducted using purposive stratified sampling. Data on demographics, awareness, and perceived barriers were collected via questionnaires, while GIS was employed to map screening centres and travel time. For data analysis, logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with colonoscopy awareness. With a total of 300 distributed questionnaires, 244 were filled up completely and returned, giving a response rate of 78.3%. Among the respondents, the largest number (58.6%) were 60–64 years old and slightly more than half (58.6%) were female. Additionally, 20.5% of the participants, had prior knowledge of colonoscopy, with 46.2% stating hospitals as the main source of their orientation. While 79.5% of the participants had no prior knowledge of colonoscopy. Targeted interventions, including education campaigns, cost subsidies, and expanded screening services, are needed to improve colonoscopy uptake. Engaging healthcare providers, community leaders, and media can enhance outreach and reduce colorectal cancer mortality.