Solar Pump Irrigation in Bangladesh: Current Status, Future Prospects and Key Challenges

Abstract

Solar pump Irrigation (SPI) has gained popularity in Bangladesh as a sustainable substitute for conventional diesel and grid-connected pumps. This shift is driven by the need to enhance energy security, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and mitigate the environmental impact of irrigation practices. Overall, this study aimed to address the present condition, challenges and opportunities associated with the use of solar pump irrigation in Bangladesh. Data were collected from various articles of indexed journals, organizational reports, research reports, and mass media publications. In Bangladesh, there are 8 divisions, 64 districts, 5556614 ha irrigated agricultural land, and 16.5 million farmers.  At present, SPI is operating in 5 divisions and more than 25 districts, covering about 1% of total irrigated agricultural land and reaching approximately 125,000 farmers. On the way to expanding solar pump irrigation poses several challenges including high initial costs, limited technical expertise, slow progress toward government targets, the need for continued investment in infrastructure, inadequate policy frameworks, and concerns related to water scarcity and climate change. Initiative taken to reduce these challenges, the country can enhance agricultural productivity, promote sustainable practices, and contribute to a greener future.