Phytochemistry, Evaluation of Biological Activities and Cytotoxicity of Leaves and Seeds of the Plant Lawsonia inermis

Abstract

Lawsonia inermis, with its many synonyms including its unfixed size and pyramid-shaped, grey seeds, is a plant with many therapeutic virtues in traditional and pharmacological medicine. Thus, this paper is about it and it is entitled Phytochemical study, evaluation of the biological activity and cytotoxicity of the leaves and seeds of the plant Lawsonia inermis. This showed that the seeds are richer than the leaves in terms of metabolites for all the organic solvents used, and in terms of biological activity. Antioxidant activity tests showed that the IC50s of ethanolic and acetone extracts from seeds, at 0.05 and 0.104 mg/mL respectively, were higher than those of leaf extracts. The same analysis was made with the antibacterial activity evaluated with acetone extracts on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis, where resistance was noted uniquely on Staphylococcus with acetone leaf extract and for Escherichia coli. And the largest inhibition zone diameters were for acetone seed extract, with a diameter of 19 mm on Enterococcus faecalis. Finally, the ethanolic seed extract outperformed the ethanolic leaf extract in the study of cytotoxicity on Hep3B and Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma and HepaRG hepatocellular carcinoma cells, even though the leaf extract showed a good selectivity index (SI) on Hep3B and Huh7 cells.