Screening of Maize Germplasm for Resistance against Spotted Stem Borer Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Abstract

Chilo partellus, a notorious insect pest, wreaks havoc on global maize crops, causing substantial yield losses. Its destructive impact includes direct harm through feeding and stem tunnelling, result in weakened plants with severe grain yield reduction. Efforts have intensified to cultivate resistant maize varieties via germplasm screening to counter this menace. In a comprehensive study, we evaluated the resistance levels of 12 maize genotypes to Chilo partellus under field conditions. Employing a randomized complete block design with three replications, the genotypes, chosen for their diverse geographic origin and genetic makeup, underwent scrutiny based on parameters like plant height, leaf injury, dead hearts, stem tunnelling, and grain yield. The findings revealed significant disparities in resistance among the maize genotypes. CM 500, DH 291, FH 3754, and Vivek Hybrid 43 demonstrated high resistance. displaying a lower level of infestation, larval survival and stem tunneling, with good grain yield. Conversely, other genotypes proved moderately to highly susceptible. This study underscores the effectiveness of screening maize germplasm for Chilo partellusresistance in developing strategies to alleviate pest-induced losses. Identifying highly resistant genotypes serves as a foundation for creating new varieties equipped to withstand Chilo partellus. The outcomes also contribute to devising management approaches to mitigate Chilo partellus on maize crops. In essence, screening for resistance emerges as a crucial step in developing maize varieties resilient to Chilo partellus, offering promise for minimizing associated losses.