Analysis of Fiber Loss Mechanisms in Communication System to Simulate Different Attenuation

Abstract

The fiber optic communication system can transmit data a rate of 10 GB/S or more, over a maximum possible distance with less attenuation. In this research a low loss optical fiber has been simulated. The simulation is done by MATLAB Software. This research deals with different loss mechanisms in optical fiber communication. A number of mechanisms are responsible for the signal attenuation within optical fibers. As the optical signal propagates over long stretch of fiber, it becomes attenuated because of absorption, scattering, fiber bends by material impurities, and other effects. The absorption loss at 1310 nm wavelength of light is significantly very low. It is also observed that the scattering loss decreases as the wavelength of light increases and the same case for bending loss; for link loss the fiber attenuation is increased gradually with the increasing fiber distance. In this research it is shown that the attenuation for multimode fiber is greater than single mode fiber at wavelength 1550 nm, attenuation level for 1550 nm wavelength is lower than 1310 nm wavelength. It is also shown that there are great attenuation between glass and plastic optical fiber and large attenuation between plastic and Plastic Clad Silica optical fiber. Different fiber types and their properties such as attenuation or loss are also observed. The performance improvement of the proposed different loss, such as absorption loss, rayleigh scattering, bending loss, link loss for different wavelength and different material within the various loss mechanisms in fiber optic communication is shown through simulations.