Phenotypic Characterization of the Resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated from Poultry Droppings in the Abidjan District

Abstract

Poultry farming, a promising sector in Côte d'Ivoire, is confronted with avian pathologies leading to heavy losses at several levels. The poultry industry, which is very promising in developing countries, is facing pathologies causing heavy economic losses. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains such as betalamase and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella circulating in poultry farms in the Abidjan District of Côte d'Ivoire. Methods: the methods used were isolation, bacteriological identification, and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Results: the results reveal that 192 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from 414 cloacal swabs collected in three municipalities of the District of Abidjan. The determination of bacterial susceptibility showed high resistance rates of 88.33% to kanamycin, 61.7% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 56.7% to tetracycline, 30% for quinolones and fluoroquinolones in the municipality of Cocody, 66.6% to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 33.3% to cefepime and cefoxitin in the municipality of Bingerville. In the municipality of Yopougon, only resistance to cefoxitin was observed. However, no resistance was observed in the presence of ceftazidime, gentamicin, amikacin. Conclusion: These results highlight the importance for poultry farmers to adopt a biosecurity approach in order to reduce the use of antibiotics and decrease the rate of resistance.