Determination of Antibacterial Effect of Citrus aurantifolia on Respiratory Pathogenic Organisms and the Bioactive Supplements Responsible for the Effect

Abstract

The activity of any agent against microorganisms is as a result of the presence of substances That are capable of inhibiting the growth of the microorganism and These substances are referred to as bioactive agents, such as flavonoid, tannin, saponin and Alkaloid. It is observed that the potency of lime fruit is enhanced by the type of solvent used Indicating that there are some active ingredients in lime which have high antimicrobial effect but which would not be released except when lime fruit is used in conjunction with a particular solve morphological and biochemical characteristics of the isolates from the sputum samples. These isolates were identified to be Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococci spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae. The diameter of the zone of inhibition of the lime extract on the different Isolates. The antibacterial effect was compared based on the different solvents used which are Ethanol, methanol and chloroform and gentamicin antibiotic was used as a control.  Staphylococcus aureus shows the highest inhibition zone on the three solvents followed by Streptococci spp. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the lime extracts against the isolates. The most effective inhibition Was observed in 3.125mg/ml of chloroformic extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus specie with an MBC value of 6.25mg/ml and 3.125mg/ml respectively. The least concentration was observed in chloroformic extract against Klebsiella pneumonia. The result of the phytochemical screening of Citrus aurantifolia, it was Observed to contain the following compounds; tannin, saponin, alkaloid and flavonoid.