Assessment of Antibacterial and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrophotometric Analysis (GC-MS) Profile of Purified Volatile Compounds from Multi-phases Solvent Extraction Method from Stem Extract of Aframomum melegueta [Roscoe] K. Schum

Abstract

This research work aims to ascertain the composition and potency of the bioactive component of Volatile compounds derived from Aframomum melegueta stem extract through multi-phase solvent extraction Gas Chromatography /Mass spectrophotometric analysis and antimicrobial assay against selected clinical isolates. Aframomum melegueta stem extract is used as a remedy against stomachache, diarrhea, and snakebite. The fresh stem of Aframomum melegueta plant was collected from Owo forest reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria, 500g of each dried and powdered plant sample was weighed separately into corked containers containing 1500ml each of acetone and ethanol, the mixture was shaken vigorously and left for 9 days, Solvent of extraction are n-Hexane (StAMH)(153 g), Dichloromethane,(StAMD (103 g), Ethyl acetate, (StAME) (45.5 g), Methanol (StAMM)(50 g). For the StAMD Elution, StAMD was absorbed in silica gel of 200-400 mesh from ZICO-TEK laboratory, GC-MS analysis of this extract was performed using a Perkin Elmer GC Claurus 500 system and gas chromatograph interfaced to a Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) equipped with Elite-1 fused silica capillary column (30mx1μl was Mdf. Composed of 100% Dimethylpolysiloxane). 17 and 48 compounds were analyzed in the stem extract of purified Volatile compounds from Multi-phases solvent extraction of stem extract of Aframomum melegueta. The composition, chemical structure, molecular weight, and molecular formulation of different Volatile compounds of StD+ and StD++ from purified Volatile compounds. The antimicrobial assessment were performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method (Agar well diffusion method).E. coli  and  Staphylococcus aureus has the highest zones of inhibition of 19,0 mm at 100mg/ml. In contrast, Klebsiella planticola and Citrobacter diversus have the lowest zones of inhibition of 3.0 mm at 12.5 mg/ml for StD+ and Staphylococcus aureus (12%) and E. coli (12%), has the highest. In contrast, Staphylococcus aureus (6%), has the lowest percentage frequency distribution of purified Volatile compounds of Aframomum melegueta (StD+) against selected clinical isolates. E. coli has the highest zones of inhibition of 20 mm at 100 mg/ml, while   Klebsiella planticola has the lowest inhibition of 1.0 mm at 12.5 mg/ml for (StD++). In conclusion, the uses and importance of Volatile compounds fractions from Aframomum melegueta have limitless potential.