Protected Cultivation Technologies for Off-Season Vegetable Production:  A Review

Rajesh Jalwania; Praveen Kumar; Ashutosh Kumar; Smriti Hansda; Pratyksh Pandey; Krupali Jagadala; Khan Chand; Subhash Verma

doi:10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i53045

Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Protected Cultivation Technologies for Off-Season Vegetable Production: A Review

Rajesh Jalwania, Praveen Kumar, Ashutosh Kumar, Smriti Hansda, Pratyksh Pandey, Krupali Jagadala, Khan Chand, Subhash Verma

Journal of Scientific Research and Reports · pp. 470–489 · Published 8 May 2025

10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i53045

Abstract

Off-season vegetable cultivation has assumed greater relevance to the purpose of making vegetables available throughout the year, improving farmers' income, and enabling sustainable livelihoods. Protected cultivation technologies, including greenhouses, polyhouses, net houses, low tunnels, and hydroponics, are potential solutions for vegetable production under a controlled environment. These technologies offset the effects of unfavorable climatic conditions and ensure the best growth environment, thus enhancing yield, improving the quality of the produce, and lowering pest and disease pressure. This review paper discusses different protected cultivation technologies, their applications, merits, limitations, and future directions in the development of off-season vegetable production in India.

Protected cultivation off-season vegetables polyhouse low tunnel net house microclimate yield improvement

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Rajesh Jalwania, Praveen Kumar, Ashutosh Kumar, Smriti Hansda, Pratyksh Pandey, Krupali Jagadala, Khan Chand, Subhash Verma (2025). Protected Cultivation Technologies for Off-Season Vegetable Production: A Review. Journal of Scientific Research and Reports , 470–489. https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2025/v31i53045

Affiliations

Rajesh Jalwania — Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Shahpura (Bhilwara-II) – 311404, MPUAT, Udaipur, India.
Praveen Kumar — Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, (Bhola Paswan Shastri Agricultural College, Purnea, Bihar), BAU, Sabour, Bhagalpur, India.
Ashutosh Kumar — KVK, Narkatiyaganj, RPCAU Pusa, Bihar, India.
Smriti Hansda — College of Agriculture, Bhawanipatna, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Odisha, India.
Pratyksh Pandey — Department of Agriculture, Mangalayatan University, Beswan, Aligarh, India.
Krupali Jagadala — Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture OUAT Chiplima, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT Chiplima), Pincode 768026, India.
Khan Chand — Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagaland University, Medziphema Campus-797106, Chumukedima, Nagaland, India.
Subhash Verma — School of Agriculture, Eklavya University, Damoh, (M.P.)-Pincode-470661, India.

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