Prospect and Challenges of Litchi Cultivation in Northeast Region of India

Abstract

The dynamics of pests affecting litchi crops have undergone changes over time, with litchi mites and bugs becoming less economically significant. However, insect pest infestations have emerged as a major constraint, causing substantial economic losses for growers. Litchi trees need to complete their post-harvest vegetative flush in a timely manner to produce a second flush in winter, which will then flower. Litchi fruit is highly perishable and temperature-sensitive, making it difficult to transport to distant markets without adequate cool chain infrastructure. The cumulative effect of biotic and abiotic factors compromises the agricultural value of this cash crop. Investigating natural defense mechanisms in litchi may uncover opportunities to enhance or induce antifungal compounds through defense elicitors. Further research could explore the applicability of these techniques in other countries, although registration issues may arise. Alternatively, other chemicals with similar benefits and lower health risks could be investigated. Additionally, the long-term effects of cincturing on fruit set and tree health warrant further investigation.