Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Risk Factors in Adults from a Semi Urban District in Ghana: A Population Based Survey

Abstract

Objectives: Given the paucity of community based surveys on hypertension and other non-communicable diseases in the Akwapim North District (AKND) of Ghana’s Eastern-Region (ER), we conducted a population survey to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its associated determinants. Methods: We recruited 519 adults age ≥ 25years in a multi-stage sample of enumeration centres over a one-month period. We measured body weight, waist and hip circumference, height, blood pressure (BP) and obtained demographic and risk factor information. Univariate and bivariate-analysis determined the prevalence of hypertension, significant difference and predictors of known risk factors (p <0.05). Results: Among the 519 participants, 62.8% were women. The mean age and body mass index (BMI) were 48.6±16.8 years and 23.2±5.2 kg/m2 respectively. Prevalence of hypertension was 32.2% with a male-to-female distribution of 27.5% and 35.0% respectively. The prevalence of alcohol use was high at 65.6% (340/519). Age and waist circumference were predictors of diastolic BP. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of hypertension in the AKND of Ghana. Stakeholders should structure interventions on hypertension to promote healthier-lifestyles.