Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Uyo, Nigeria

Abstract

This study was aimed at determining the effect of hyperglycaemia and glysuria on the antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens isolated in UTI. 236 patients visiting the out-patient department of University of Uyo Health Centre presenting with symptoms of urinary tract infection were recruited post oral interview. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels over three successive days were performed for the enlisted participants. Urine specimen was collected from each participant for determination of glucose in urine, microbiology, culture and sensitivity. Oral interview revealed patients’ confessed past medical history of diabetes (PMHD) and no past medical history of diabetes (NPMHD) of 105 (44.5%) and 131 (55.5%) respectively. Mean fasting blood sugar (MFBS) ≥7.0 was observed in 12.7% participants and glysuria in 81 (34.3%). Microbiological screening revealed bacteriuria in 88.1% and significant infection (>100,000 bacteria/ml) in 46.2%. The bacteria isolate and (frequency of occurrence percent) were Klebsiella spp. 3 (2.6%), Staphylococcus aureus 36 (26.1%), Escherichia coli 79 (66.4%) and Proteus spp. 2(1.7%). E. coli isolated in the DM group had no significant difference in the susceptibility pattern to the cephalosporin or the flouroquinolone antibacterial compared with the control group. S. aureus however revealed significantly higher susceptibility to the cephalosporin antibacterial agents but no difference with the flouroquinolone when compared with the control group (P<0.05). There was strong indication for laboratory antimicrobial sensitivity determinations in DM for the appropriate choice of drug treatment.