Preliminary Evaluation of Genotype × Environment Interaction in Selected Silkworm Hybrids under Sub Temperate Conditions

Abstract

Genotype × Environment Interaction (G × E) plays a vital role while determining the vigor and suitability of silkworm hybrids under varied environmental conditions. This preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the influence of G × E interaction on two silkworm hybrids, FC1×FC2 and FC2×FC1, reared under the sub-temperate climatic conditions of the Poonch district of Jammu and Kashmir. The FC1 and FC2 parental strains are bivoltine lines developed for their robustness, improved silk filament length and adaptability to fluctuating environmental and mulberry-based rearing conditions. When crossed in reciprocal combinations (FC1×FC2 and FC2×FC1), these hybrids are expected to show heterosis in traits such as larval growth, cocoon yield, and silk quality. Consequently, their production potential is favored under varying ecological conditions of sub temperate regions. The results revealed noticeable differences in hybrid performance in response to environmental variables, highlighting the sensitivity of seasonal factors such as temperature, humidity, and rearing season. The study emphasizes the need for region-specific evaluation of silkworm hybrids to enhance cocoon yield and silk quality under variable environmental conditions which indicates the significant difference between the hybrids, showing unique responses to the prevailing seasonal factors while underscoring the importance of understanding G × E interactions in silkworm breeding programs aimed at improving hybrid performance and stability across diverse agro-climatic zones.