The Dielectrics Study of Pure Graphene and Graphene/Titania/ Polyvinylidene Fluoride in Giga-Hertz Using the Debye Relaxation Model

Abstract

A numerical approach was adopted in this study to investigate the dielectric properties, thickness and attenuation of pure graphene and Graphene/Titania/Polyvinylidene Fluoride (G4T10PVDF) in the gigahertz frequency range. The algorithms were developed and executed using the interactive environment of Maple-18 and the results were generated accordingly. The findings revealed that the dielectric constant of graphene at 15°C decreases from 20.50 to 0.22 as the frequency increases from 0.50 GHz to 99.00 GHz. Similarly, the dielectric constant of G4T10PVDF at the same temperature decreases from 40.08 to 0.48 as the frequency increases from 0.50 GHz to 99.00 GHz. This procedure was repeated at different temperatures, but the dielectric constant exhibited a similar trend across all conditions. The dielectric loss factor of pure graphene peaks at 10.24 as the frequency increases from 0.50 GHz to 10.00 GHz, while for G4T10PVDF, the loss factor reaches a maximum of 21.04 within the same frequency range. However, at higher frequencies, the dielectric losses decrease continuously. The loss tangent, thickness and attenuation values obtained were also consistent with those reported in the literature. The results indicated that pure graphene absorbs incident radiation most effectively within the frequency range of 3.0 GHz to 12.0 GHz. In contrast, the composite material of graphene/Titania/Polyvinylidene Fluoride is more effective for electromagnetic wave absorption within the frequency range of 3.0 GHz to 25.0 GHz.