Prevalence of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella among HIV/AIDS Patients and Poultry Chicken in Ekiti State

Abstract

Salmonella is an important cause of infection in both humans and animals. This study was therefore carried out to identify the non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from poultry chicken which is one of the main animal reservoirs of Salmonellosis and from HIV/AIDS patients in Ekiti State, Nigeria. A total of 200 samples were collected altogether (100 human feacal samples, 50 human blood and 50 feacal samples from broiler chicken) and analysed using standard methods. The antimicrobial susceptibilities were also carried out using disc diffusion technique. A total of 18 non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates were obtained from human samples with prevalent rate of 12% and 4 non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates were from poultry broiler-chicken with prevalent rate of 8%. There was no significant difference in number of male and female as there were 10 males and 8 females infected with non-typhoidal Salmonella, with a median age of 30 years. Although, almost all the human and Broiler-Chicken non- typhoidal Salmonella isolates showed resistance to more than one antibiotic but Ampicilin, Tetracycline and Gentamycin showed 100% resistance rate to Broiler-chicken isolates while Ceftriaxone and Ofloxacin showed least resistance among human isolates. The average resistances to seven commonly prescribed antibiotics were more in Broiler-Chicken (78.6%) than in Humans (53.9%). However, the high resistance showed in poultry suggested that there might likely be spread of these resistance strains to human in this study environment.