Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic Potentials of the Ethanol Leave Extracts of four Medicinal Plants

Oluwasayo Esther Ogunjinmi, Olumayowa Vincent Oriyomi, Adedoyin Adetutu Olasunkanmi

European Journal of Medicinal Plants · pp. 1–11 · Published 15 May 2023

10.9734/ejmp/2023/v34i51135

Abstract

For many years, medicinal plants have been a resource for healing in several local communities around the world and the phytochemicals in them such as flavonoids,  alkaloids, phenolic, tannins, and terpenoids are attributed to their many medicinal values. Vernonia amydalina, Senna alata, Jatropha curcas, and Grewia pubescens are important plants with immense value. In this study, phytochemical screening, antioxidant analysis and the potential anti-hyperglycemic properties of the plants was investigated in-vitro. The ethanol leave extracts of the plants were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening and tannin, flavonoids and phenol quantification. Ferric reducing antioxidant power and DPPH radical inhibition of the extracts was done by spectrophotometric method while the anti-diabetic potential was analyzed through the in-vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition.  Phytochemicals detected in the ethanol leave extracts of the four plants are tannins, flavonoids, phenolics, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, and saponins. Flavonoids, phenols, and tannin content were highest in Senna alata (0.27±0.0.002 mg: mg of rutin per g of extract, 10.63±0.0.017 mg: mg of gallic acid per g of extract, and 6.72±0.06 mg/g respectively) followed by V. amygdalina (0.20±00.002 mg: mg of rutin per g of extract, 8.27±0.0.017 mg: mg of gallic acid per g of extract, and 7.98±0.03 mg/g respectively). While the least content of all was found in the extracts of Jatropha curcas. Concentration dependent and statistically significant difference was observed in both the FRAP and DPPH radical inhibition of all the extracts. Senna alata showed the strongest reducing power followed by the V. amygdalina. Both Senna alata and V. amygdalina showed DPPH radical inhibition that is not significantly (p>0.05) different from that of trolox. α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition was also demonstrated in a concentration dependent manner. In both the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, V. amygdalina and S. alata exhibited the most significant inhibitory properties among the plant extracts. The overall result in this study suggested that V. amygdalina, S. alata with the highest content of the phytochemicals, and antioxidant activities are potential source of antioxidant constituents and might be useful for the management of diseases such as diabetes.

Medicinal plants phytochemicals α-amylase α-glucosidase diabetes

References (35)

  1. 1 [14] Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of folin-ciocalteu reagent [DOI]
  2. 2 Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants
  3. 3 Antioxidant Activity of Dietary Polyphenols As Determined by a Modified Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power Assay [DOI]
  4. 4 Saponins: Properties, Applications and Processing [DOI]
  5. 5 Qualitative tests for preliminary phytochemical screening: An overview [DOI]
  6. 6 Inhibitory effect of pine extract on α-glucosidase activity and postprandial hyperglycemia [DOI]
  7. 7 Antioxidative and Chemopreventive Properties of Vernonia amygdalina and Garcinia biflavonoid [DOI]
  8. 8 Cyanidins: metabolism and biological properties [DOI]
  9. 9 Ethnobotanical studies of medicinal plants used in the management of diabetes mellitus in South Western Nigeria [DOI]
  10. 10 Medicinal Plant Analysis: A Historical and Regional Discussion of Emergent Complex Techniques [DOI]
  11. 11 Synthesis and molecular docking studies of potent α-glucosidase inhibitors based on biscoumarin skeleton [DOI]
  12. 12 Protein, dietary fiber, minerals, antioxidant pigments and phytochemicals, and antioxidant activity in selected red morph Amaranthus leafy vegetable [DOI]
  13. 13 Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Allium cepa and its in vitro antidiabetic activity [DOI]
  14. 14 Antimicrobial Importance of Medicinal Plants in Nigeria [DOI]
  15. 15 In vitro HIV type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities of Thai medicinal plants and Canna indica L. rhizomes [DOI]
  16. 16 Evaluation of the inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes, antioxidant activity and polyphenolic content of extracts of ten African Ficus species (Moraceae) used traditionally to treat diabetes [DOI]
  17. 17 Antioxidant versus anti-diabetic properties of leaves from Vernonia amygdalina Del. growing in Malaysia [DOI]
  18. 18 Medicinal plants for the treatment of obesity: ethnopharmacological approach and chemical and biological studies.
  19. 19 Pharmacognostic studies of the Jatropha curcas leaves.
  20. 20 Abortifacient Potential of Aqueous Extract of Senna alata Leaves in Rats [DOI]
  21. 21 Evaluation of Jatropha curcas Linn. leaf extracts for its cytotoxicity and potential to inhibit hemagglutinin protein of influenza virus [DOI]
  22. 22 Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial And Free Radical Scavenging Activities Of Grewia Pubescens [DOI]
  23. 23 In vitro antibacterial efficacy of plants used by an Indian aboriginal tribe against pathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical samples [DOI]
  24. 24 Phytochemistry and Antibacterial Activity of Senna alata Flower [DOI]
  25. 25 Effect of cassia alata leaf extract on hyperglycemic rats [DOI]
  26. 26 In vitro study on α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of a new stigmastane-type steroid saponin from the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina [DOI]
  27. 27 Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Malaria: Vernonia amygdalina: An Overview of Evidence and Pharmacology [DOI]
  28. 28 Antitussive, expectorant and bronchodilating effects of ethanol extract of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench roots [DOI]
  29. 29 Effect of Senna alata (L) Roxb (Fabaceae) Leaf Extracts on alpha-Amylase, alpha-Glucosidase and Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Rats [DOI]
  30. 30 Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopic, high performance liquid chromatographic and In-silico characterization of antimicrobial and antioxidant constituents of Rhus longipes(Engl) [DOI]
  31. 31 Antioxidant effects and phytochemical analysis of crude and chromatographic fractions obtained from Eucalyptus globulus bark [DOI]
  32. 32 Anti-diabetic activity and mineral elements evaluation of Vernonia amygdalina leaves obtained from Malaysia [DOI]
  33. 33 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health [DOI]
  34. 34 Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry [DOI]
  35. 35 International Journal of Chemical Studies [DOI]

Cited by 0

No indexed citations yet.

Related research

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

39

Page views

0

PDF downloads

13

Outbound clicks

0

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.