Phylogenetic Analysis of Annexin Genes in Selected Monocot and Dicot Plants

Abstract

Annexins are a diverse family of calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins involved in membrane transport, signal transduction, and various stress responses in plants. This study presents a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of annexin genes across multiple monocot and dicot plant species. The study involved downloading the complete annexin gene sequences from reliable databases. Phylogenetic trees were carefully constructed for individual plant species, followed by a comparative analysis that distinguished the evolutionary approach of annexin genes among monocots and dicots. The analysis revealed significant evolutionary divergence and conserved clades within the annexin gene family, suggesting both lineage-specific expansions and ancient gene duplications. The results of this study provide new insights into the molecular evolution of annexins and highlight their potential role in plant adaptation and resilience. The comprehensive phylogenetic analyses performed in this work not only contribute to the understanding of annexin gene evolution but also lay the foundation for future functional studies aimed at exploiting annexins for crop improvement and stress management.