Day-1 Postoperative Complications Following Small Incision Cataract Surgery (SICS): An Institution-based Observational Study

Abstract

Background: Cataract is the leading cause of reversible blindness worldwide, with a disproportionately high burden in low- and middle-income countries. Small incision cataract surgery (SICS) is widely practiced in such settings due to its cost-effectiveness and reproducibility. Despite favorable outcomes, early postoperative complications may influence immediate visual recovery and patient satisfaction. Aim: To evaluate the frequency and pattern of day-1 postoperative complications following uncomplicated small incision cataract surgery. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care eye hospital in India. Medical records of 100 patients aged 40–100 years who underwent uncomplicated SICS and presented for postoperative day-1 evaluation were analyzed. Postoperative assessment included corneal status, anterior chamber reaction, intraocular pressure, wound integrity, and intraocular lens position. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The most common postoperative finding was Descemet’s membrane folds (27%), followed by corneal edema (24%) and anterior chamber reaction (18%). Hyphema (14%), soft globe (11%), and decentered intraocular lens (6%) were less frequently observed. Most complications were mild and self-limiting, and no sight-threatening complications were noted. Conclusion: Day-1 postoperative complications following SICS are predominantly mild and involve the cornea and anterior segment. The absence of sight-threatening complications supports the safety and reliability of SICS, and systematic early postoperative evaluation provides valuable insight into immediate surgical outcomes and optimization of postoperative care.