Organic Farming in India: Current Status and Opportunities for Future Development in the Northeast Region

Abstract

Organic farming is a method of agriculture that emphasizes sustainability, environmental stewardship, and the use of natural processes to grow crops and raise livestock. It eschews synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in favor of organic inputs like compost, crop rotation, and biological pest control. Organic farming aims to promote soil health, biodiversity, and animal welfare while producing food that is free from synthetic chemicals. Certification processes ensure that organic farms adhere to strict standards, allowing consumers to make informed choices about the food they eat. Producing food through organic farming is a socially, economically, and environmentally acceptable practice. This review examines the practice's effects on the environment, global food security, and international markets. The many tactics and regulations put in place for organic agriculture in India were assessed using first-hand expertise from both India and outside the globe. Millions of individuals from diverse social and economic backgrounds have adopted this agrarian approach to preserve food integrity, as portrayed in the scenarios presented here. It is unclear whether there is enough of these organic feed materials available to enable extensive organic farming in India because organic farming depends on animal manures, off-farm organic wastes, crop residues, green manures, and bio-fertilizers.