Impact of Heavy Metal Contamination on Soil and Crop Ecosystem with Advanced Techniques to Mitigate Them
Hridesh Harsha Sarma, Arnab Rajkumar, Ankita Baro, Bikash Chandra Das, Nilabh Talukdar
Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology · pp. 53–63 · Published 4 May 2024
10.9734/jabb/2024/v27i6865Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in soils has become widespread globally due to both natural processes and human activities. Geologic and anthropogenic activities, such as mining, industrial processes, and agricultural practices, significantly contribute to heavy metal accumulation in soil, posing threats to both plant and animal health. These metals endure in the environment and build up in organisms because they resist breakdown or metabolism. They enter the food chain via primary producers and move up as higher trophic levels consume them. This contamination adversely affects the overall human health, plant growth, performance, and yield and also impacts the soil properties. To minimize this effect of heavy metal toxicity, bioremediation emerges as a highly effective method for treating such polluted soils, often conducted in situ, making it suitable for crop establishment or reestablishment. Bioremediation encompasses various techniques like bioventing, biostimulation, air sparging, natural attenuation, phytoremediation, vermistabilization, rhizofiltration, biosorption etc. Both microorganisms and plants play crucial roles in bioremediation, with the combined approach ensuring more efficient cleanup. However, the success of this method depends significantly on the specific species involved. Traditional physical and chemical remediation methods are often costly and fail to restore soil suitability for plant growth. In contrast, bioremediation offers a more environmentally friendly and economically viable solution, leveraging natural processes to encourage plant growth on contaminated soils.
Cited by 16
Ujjal Dhakal, Manita Aryal, Muhammad Yousuf Jat Baloch · Applied and Environmental Soil Science · 2025
Taufiq Bachtiar, Ratih Nurjayati, Ania Citraresmini · SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology · 2025
Om Prafull Sontakke, Tejas Raviraj Salunke, Kishor Suresh Bhosale · Symbiosis · 2025
Marcos Sillos, Paula F. da Silva, Alexandra Suhogusoff · Sustainability · 2025
Adeel Abbas, Rashida Hameed, Sidra Balooch · Beneficial Elements for Remediation of Heavy Metals in Polluted Soil · 2025
Muhammad Adnan, Mingyu Shao, Muhammad Ubaid Ali · Sustainable Horizons · 2025
P. Rinitha, Vandana Sreedharan, M. Aswani · Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering · 2026
Mbezele Junior Yannick Ngaba, Heinz Rennenberg, Bin Hu · Global Change Biology · 2025
Xiaoliang Zhao, Shaohui Feng, Bandna Bharti · Scientific Reports · 2025
Duyen H. H. Nguyen, Arjun Muthu, Tamer Elsakhawy · Nanomaterials · 2025
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