Optimal Control of Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria in Human and Macaques

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the optimal control strategy for Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in humans and macaques. Methodology: A Plasmodium knowlesi malaria model was developed using a deterministic system of differential equation and extended to include an optimal control of the disease. The optimal control model was analysis dynamically and numerically. Results: if the cost of biological control against the mosquito Larvae, the forest dwelling mosquitoes and chemical control against the adult mosquitoes is more than cost of treatment of the infected human, we observed that the control strategy yields increase in susceptible humans, decrease in the infected humans, infected macaques and mosquito population. This is one of the best strategies but treatment is very important for total elimination of Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in a community. Conclusion: Numerical simulations of the problem, suggest that applying the three control measure can effectively reduce if not eliminate the spread of Plasmodium knowlesi malaria in a community.