Past & Current Status of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus & Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Pakistan

Abstract

Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been emerging rapidly all over the world. Along with the developed countries, this agent has been spreading drastically among developing countries. Pakistan is one of these targeted countries where the spreading of MRSA is also a hot issue that is faced by the common people of Pakistan. Most of work has been done on the isolation of MRSA from the different patients in different cities of Pakistan. In article, the data showed the variable pattern of isolated MRSA among different cities. Rawalpindi was found to be most targeted area in 2007 to 2009 where MRSA prevalence was found 76% in Army Medical College Rawalpindi and this was gradually decreased up to 60.40% in 2011 to 2012 in five different hospitals of Rawalpindi. In Karachi, first case of MRSA was seen in 1989 (5%prevalence) then the prevalence of MRSA was increased (57%) in 2002 and then gradually decreased (43%) in 2004-2005 and (38.6%) in 2009. In Lahore, the MRSA prevalence was found 61% in 2000 to 2002 but it was decreased up to 38.6% in 2004, 27.77% (Jinnah Hospital Lahore) in 2007 to 2008 and 34.76% (Tertiary Care Hospital Lahore) in 2009. In 2012, the prevalence of MRSA was calculated 44% in two hospitals of Kohat. MRSA has become an alarming threat worldwide due to its resistance to multiple antibiotics. This condition is worst in developing countries due to non-sanitary conditions and unawareness of preventive measures taken by common people. The present study highlighted the previous and current pattern of MRSA in Pakistan from 1989 to 2013. Furthermore, the mechanism of MRSA and treatment were also being studied.