Nutritional Evaluation of Guava (Psidium guajava) Leaves as a Sustainable Feed Resource for Livestock

Abstract

The increasing livestock population in India has led to a significant feed deficit, highlighting the need for alternative feed resources. Guava (Psidium guajava) leaves, which are rich in essential nutrients, offer a potential non-conventional feed resource. This study evaluates the proximate composition, mineral profile, and amino acid content of guava leaves to determine their nutritional suitability for livestock. The analysis revealed a high organic matter content (93.31%) and a moderate crude protein level (12.7%), indicating their potential as a protein source. Additionally, guava leaves contain substantial levels of essential minerals such as calcium (166.93 ppm), potassium (126.3 ppm), and iron (241.81 ppm), which are vital for animal health. The amino acid profile further supports the nutritional benefits, with high concentrations of glutamic acid (1.002%) and aspartic acid (0.96%). Although the leaves have high lignin and AIA levels which may reduce digestibility, guava leaves still present a promising sustainable feed alternative, especially in regions with abundant guava biomass. Therefore, guava leaves can be utilized as a sustainable feed resource in ruminant feeding systems, provided proper processing methods are applied to mitigate fiber limitations.