Comparison of Mandibular Bone Ridge in Non-diabetics and Diabetic Patient in Hospital Environment: Initial Sample from a Clinical Observation

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to evaluate and compare the mandibular panoramic radio morphometric indices between patients with diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic individuals to understand the potential effects of DM on mandibular bone structure. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Department of Prosthodontics and Department of Radiology, ADHIPARASAKTHI Dental College and Hospital's, Melmaruvathur, from May 2024 to October 2024. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 participants were included in the study. They were divided into two groups based on HbA1c levels. Group A (diabetic patients) and Group B (non-diabetic). Panoramic radiographs were obtained for each participant. Key mandibular radio morphometric indices, PMI and MI, were analysed. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed to compare cortical bone thickness between diabetic and nondiabetic groups. Results: Diabetic patients exhibited alterations in mandibular bone structure, which may be indicative of bone deterioration associated with diabetes. However, this difference was found to be statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The study highlights the potential of using mandibular panoramic radiographs to evaluate the impact of diabetes on mandibular bone structure. These findings suggest that patients with diabetes may be at higher risk for mandibular bone loss and should be closely monitored for oral health complications. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms of these radiographic changes and their clinical implications.