Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Navigating the Challenge of Tuberculosis Drug Resistance: Unveiling Intrinsic and Acquired Pathways to Overcome the Threat

Hafiz Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Umar Sharif, Amna Uroos, Mahnoor Rana, Waqas Farooq

Journal of Advances in Microbiology · pp. 12–29 · Published 13 Jun 2024

10.9734/jamb/2024/v24i6829

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), continues to be a persistent worldwide health problem, made worse by the appearance of strains that are resistant to drugs. This review thoroughly examines the complex phenomenon of drug resistance in TB, investigating both the intrinsic characteristics and acquired changes that contribute to the bacterial ability to withstand treatment. It explores the progression of tuberculosis treatment, starting with the basic medications that target cell wall formation, then moving on to more advanced tactics that overcome resistance. It also discusses the new third-line therapies, providing insights into the dynamic landscape of TB treatment. Considering the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains, it is crucial to adopt innovative strategies. These may involve altering existing antibiotics, investigating new chemicals, and gaining a more comprehensive understanding of new targets. This review emphasizes the need of knowing MTB medication resistance mechanisms that will enhance our understanding of MTB medication resistance and prepares us for future study, providing insights and approaches to address this global health issue more effectively.

Tuberculosis mycobacterium tuberculosis antimicrobial resistance drug resistance genetic pathways

References (56)

  1. 1 Global tuberculosis report (2014)
  2. 2 Distinguishing between resistance, tolerance and persistence to antibiotic treatment [DOI]
  3. 3 The spectrum of latent tuberculosis: rethinking the biology and intervention strategies [DOI]
  4. 4 Ancient Origin and Gene Mosaicism of the Progenitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis [DOI]
  5. 5 High Functional Diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Driven by Genetic Drift and Human Demography [DOI]
  6. 6 Tuberculosis: Latency and Reactivation [DOI]
  7. 7 Use of whole genome sequencing to estimate the mutation rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during latent infection [DOI]
  8. 8 Efflux pump inhibitors for bacterial pathogens [DOI]
  9. 9 Vaccines against Tuberculosis: Where Are We and Where Do We Need to Go? [DOI]
  10. 10 A Novel In Vitro Multiple-Stress Dormancy Model for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Generates a Lipid-Loaded, Drug-Tolerant, Dormant Pathogen [DOI]
  11. 11 Drug Resistance Mechanisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [DOI]
  12. 12 WHO global progress report on tuberculosis elimination [DOI]
  13. 13 Quinolones: Mechanism, Lethality and Their Contributions to Antibiotic Resistance [DOI]
  14. 14 Mycobacterium tuberculosis invades and replicates within type II alveolar cells [DOI]
  15. 15 Erasing the World's Slow Stain: Strategies to Beat Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis [DOI]
  16. 16 Pulmonary surfactant protein A mediates enhanced phagocytosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by a direct interaction with human macrophages [DOI]
  17. 17 Initiation and regulation of T-cell responses in tuberculosis [DOI]
  18. 18 THE BIOLOGY OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION. [DOI]
  19. 19 Bacterial Enzymes and Antibiotic Resistance [DOI]
  20. 20 The equilibria that allow bacterial persistence in human hosts [DOI]
  21. 21 Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Tolerance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [DOI]
  22. 22 Latent tuberculosis: what the host “sees”? [DOI]
  23. 23 Efflux Pumps of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Play a Significant Role in Antituberculosis Activity of Potential Drug Candidates [DOI]
  24. 24 The Isoniazid Paradigm of Killing, Resistance, and Persistence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [DOI]
  25. 25 Strategies to Overcome the Action of Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzymes for Treating Resistant Bacterial Infections [DOI]
  26. 26 The Mycobacterial Transcriptional Regulator whiB7 Gene Links Redox Homeostasis and Intrinsic Antibiotic Resistance [DOI]
  27. 27 The mycobacterial antibiotic resistance determinant WhiB7 acts as a transcriptional activator by binding the primary sigma factor SigA (RpoV) [DOI]
  28. 28 Consensus numbering system for the rifampicin resistance-associated rpoB gene mutations in pathogenic mycobacteria [DOI]
  29. 29 Triacylglycerols: Fuelling the Hibernating Mycobacterium tuberculosis [DOI]
  30. 30 Metabolic Versatility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during Infection and Dormancy [DOI]
  31. 31 Antibiotics and resistance: the two-sided coin of the mycobacterial cell wall [DOI]
  32. 32 Coexpression of MmpS5 and MmpL5 Contributes to Both Efflux Transporter MmpL5 Trimerization and Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [DOI]
  33. 33 Isoniazid and host immune system interactions: A proposal for a novel comprehensive mode of action [DOI]
  34. 34 Surfactant protein D binds to Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli and lipoarabinomannan via carbohydrate-lectin interactions resulting in reduced phagocytosis of the bacteria by macrophages.
  35. 35 Comparison of in vitro models for the study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis invasion and intracellular replication [DOI]
  36. 36 Allelic exchange in Mycobacterium tuberculosis with long linear recombination substrates [DOI]
  37. 37 Altered expression of isoniazid-regulated genes in drug-treated dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis [DOI]
  38. 38 Tuberculosis control in vulnerable groups [DOI]
  39. 39 Mycobacterium tuberculosis interactome analysis unravels potential pathways to drug resistance [DOI]
  40. 40 Genetic characterization of compensatory evolution in strains carrying rpoB Ser531Leu, the rifampicin resistance mutation most frequently found in clinical isolates [DOI]
  41. 41 The Expression of ABC Efflux Pump, Rv1217c–Rv1218c, and Its Association with Multidrug Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China [DOI]
  42. 42 Interplay between Mutations and Efflux in Drug Resistant Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis [DOI]
  43. 43 Integrated Modeling of Gene Regulatory and Metabolic Networks in Mycobacterium tuberculosis [DOI]
  44. 44 Comprehensive review on mechanism of action, resistance and evolution of antimycobacterial drugs [DOI]
  45. 45 Moxifloxacin Activates the SOS Response in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a Dose- and Time-Dependent Manner [DOI]
  46. 46 Investigation of the Rv3065, Rv2942, Rv1258c, Rv1410c, and Rv2459 efflux pump genes expression among multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates [DOI]
  47. 47 Rekindling old controversy on elusive lair of latent tuberculosis [DOI]
  48. 48 Mutation in atpE and Rv0678 genes associated with bedaquline resistance among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients: A pilot study from a high-burden setting in Northern India [DOI]
  49. 49 The Mycobacterial Cell Wall—Peptidoglycan and Arabinogalactan [DOI]
  50. 50 The evolving biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance [DOI]
  51. 51 Linezolid resistance in multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis [DOI]
  52. 52 Linezolid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates at a tertiary care centre in Mumbai, India [DOI]
  53. 53 Investigation of Clofazimine Resistance and Genetic Mutations in Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates [DOI]
  54. 54 How Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance has shaped anti-tubercular drug discovery [DOI]
  55. 55 Early phase of effective treatment induces distinct transcriptional changes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis expelled by pulmonary tuberculosis patients [DOI]
  56. 56 Identification of S315T mutation in katG gene using probe-free exclusive mismatch primers for a rapid diagnosis of isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis by real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification [DOI]

Cited by 1

1 citation reported by external sources — individual citing-article records aren't available to list yet.

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

5

Page views

0

PDF downloads

0

Outbound clicks

1

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.