Multifaceted Proficiencies of Thermotolerant Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria from the Kutch Desert, Gujarat, India

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to isolate and characterize thermotolerant phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) for potential agricultural applications. We aimed to identify promising PSB isolates and evaluate their traits. Study Design: Conducted a comprehensive screening of PSB isolates and selected three top candidates based on their phosphate-solubilizing index. These isolates underwent various tests, including thermotolerance assessment, biochemical profiling, and enzymatic assays. Soluble phosphorus and pH levels were also monitored over time. Methodology: Screened multiple PSB isolates, selecting PT26, PT31, and PT35. Conducted growth measurements under elevated temperatures, assessed biochemical profiles, and tested the antibiotic susceptibility. Also monitored soluble phosphorus and pH of PSB isolates over 96 hours and measured acid and alkaline phosphatase activities. Molecular identification was done through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: Among the selected PSB isolates, PT35 showed superior thermotolerance and potassium solubilization capacity, while PT26 exhibited indole-3-acetic acid synthesis ability. Soluble phosphorus levels varied among isolates, affecting pH. Acid and alkaline phosphatase activities differed significantly. Molecular identification confirmed PT26, PT31, and PT35 as Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella quasipneumoniae, and Enterobacter bugandensis, respectively. Conclusion: This study highlights the potential significance of PT35, PT26, and PT31 in agriculture. Their diverse traits and metabolic activities offer adaptability to varying conditions, and thus can benefit soil health and nutrient cycling. These findings contribute to agricultural microbiology research, potentially enhancing sustainable farming practices and soil fertility.