Morphological Characterization of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) Genotypes

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate phenotypic variability and distinctiveness among thirty two chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes using PPV & Fsssss RA morphological descriptors. Study Design: A field-based morphological characterization study using standardized qualitative and quantitative descriptors. Place and Duration of Study: Conducted at the College of Horticulture, Dr. YSRHU, Anantharajupeta during the Rabi of 2023. Methodology: Thirty-two genotypes from South India and Odisha were evaluated for vegetative floral and fruit traits. Trait frequencies were recorded and inter-genotypic variation was analyzed to identify predominant and distinct morphological states. Results: The evaluation of thirty-two chilli genotypes revealed substantial phenotypic variation across key morphological traits related to plant growth, fruit characteristics, and pigmentation. Several genotypes, including LCA 807, LCA 808, Byadagi Dabbi, Byadagi Kaddi, and Warangal Chappata, expressed desirable attributes such as thicker pericarp, strong glossiness, and early maturity, indicating their suitability for breeding and varietal improvement. The distinctiveness observed in multiple qualitative descriptors confirms the effectiveness of morphological characterization for genotype differentiation and germplasm documentation. Conclusion: Morphological characterization effectively distinguished genotypes and supported germplasm documentation. Several promising genotypes were identified for future chilli improvement programmes.