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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Drain Envelopes for Problematic Calcareous Soils of Irrigated Agricultural Lands in Egypt

Gehan A. H. Sallam

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International · pp. 1–13 · Published 12 Feb 2018

10.9734/JEAI/2018/39072

Abstract

Envelope materials are used for surrounding subsurface drain pipes commonly installed to reclaim waterlogged and salt-affected lands to prevent entry of soil particles into drains and to constitute a medium of good permeability around the pipe and therefore reduce entrance resistance. In calcareous soils prone to the reduction of drainage capacity as a result of high clogging, determining adequate envelope materials is a crucial issue under Egyptian conditions. The study was conducted on a calcareous soil with a high risk of calcium carbonate precipitation. Four drain-envelope combinations of subsurface drainage systems were tested in an experimental field. It came out that granular and pre-wrapped drain envelopes, with a normal grade of 10cm/100m, were the best material regarding their hydraulic and mechanical performance for sub-surface drainage in calcareous soils.  

Subsurface drainage envelope material chemical precipitation calcium carbonate permeameter test geotextile

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