Evaluation of In-vitro Anthelmintic and In-vivo Analgesic and Antidepressant Activities of Methanolic Extract of Pseuderanthemum latifolium

Abstract

Background: Pseuderanthemum latifolium is a species of the Acanthaceae family. In Bangladesh, Nepal, and India, the plant is traditionally used to treat asthma, reduce pain, infection, and other lung problems. Objectives: This study aims to pave the way for future studies on the analgesic, antidepressant, and anthelmintic properties of P. latifolium methanolic extract. Materials and Methods: The analgesic activity is evaluated employing the acidic acid-induced writhing test & formalin-induced paw licking test on Swiss albino mice. The plant extracts antidepressant efficacy is tested by using forced swimming and tail suspension techniques following in-vitro anthelmintic efficacy along with its qualitative phytochemical analysis. Results: Conventional phytochemicals was found out to be present during the phytochemical test. Anthelmintic test determined that the anthelmintic activity was directly proportional to the concentration of the extract. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, the writhing response significantly (40.28% and 46.75%) inhibited compared to diclofenac sodium. At 400 mg/kg, the extract substantially reduced the formalin-induced paw licking response in both the early (32.24%) and late phases (22.56%). The antidepressant effect of MEPL in Swiss albino mice was assessed by the immobility times, where it was 108.67 (200 mg/kg) and 110 (400 mg/kg) sec in the forced swimming test and 92.67 (200 mg/kg) and 79.33 (400 mg/kg) sec in the tail suspension method. The standard in both models was 20 mg/kg of fluoxetine. Conclusion: The current study's findings laid the groundwork for additional research into the therapeutic potential of P.latifolium methanol extract in analgesic, antidepressant, and anthelmintic activity.