Propagation of Black Orchid (Coelogyne pandurata Lindl.) by Tissue Culture Supplemented with Fertilizer and Natural Organic Additives

Abstract

This research aims to determine the growth of black orchids (Coelogyne pandurata Lindl) on fertilizer plus several types of organic supplements and to determine the type of media that has the best influence on black orchid tissue culture. The research was conducted in March 2023 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Mulawarman University. The research was carried out using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with a single factor arranged using 8 treatments, each treatment repeated five times. The eight treatments consisted of p1 = Growmore 1 g L-1, p2 = Growmore 1 g L-1 + ambon banana extract 100 g L-1, p3 = Growmore 1 g L-1 + mung bean sprout extract 100 g L-1, p4 = Growmore 1 g L-1 + sweet corn seed extract 100 g L-1, p5 = Growmore 1 g L-1 + ambon banana extract 100 g L-1 + mung bean sprout extract 100 g L-1, p6 = Growmore 1 g L-1 + ambon banana extract 100 g L-1 + sweet corn seed sprout extract 100 g L-1, p7 = Growmore 1 g L-1 + mung  bean sprout extract 100 g L-1 + corn seed extract sweet 100 g L-1, and p8 = Growmore 1 g L-1 + ambon banana extract 100 g L-1 + mung bean sprout extract 100 g L-1 + sweet corn seed extract 100 g L-1. The data was analyzed using variance and continued with the DMRT test (Duncan Multiple Range Test) with a level of 5%. The results of the research show that the addition of Ambon banana extract, mung bean sprouts, or sweet corn seeds to foliar fertilizer can improve the culture of black orchids using tissue culture. The best media was found in treatment p5 (Growmore 1 g L-1 + ambon banana extract 100 g L-1 + mung bean sprout extract 100 g L-1) producing the highest plant height (5.02 cm), the highest number of roots (13.00 pieces), the longest root length (7.02 cm) and the highest wet weight (0.45 g).