Livestock Resilience in Drought-Prone Karnataka, India: A Study on Breeding and Housing Practices

Abstract

This study investigated strategies for managing livestock in drought-prone areas of Karnataka, India. The study was conducted across four districts, namely Kolar, Chikballapur, Chitradurga, and Tumkur. A total of 200 farmer respondents were selected based on their experience and herd size. The findings indicate a preference for crossbred cattle due to higher milk yields, while exotic breeds are less favoured due to their vulnerability to heat stress. All respondents relied on manual heat detection methods, and there was variability in breeding timing post-heat detection. Artificial insemination was universally adopted, but conception rates varied significantly. Most farmers did not synchronize breeding with fodder availability, and few followed scientific housing practices. The study highlights the need for improved livestock management strategies, including enhanced housing and breeding practices, to mitigate the impacts of drought on livestock productivity and farmer livelihoods. Stakeholders, researchers, policy makers and agricultural organizations must collaborate in developing targeted interventions that could enhance livestock management in drought-prone regions.