Psoriasis in Nigeria: The Critical Role of Genetic and Genomic Tools in Addressing a Predominantly Genetic Condition

Abstract

Psoriasis is an incurable chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects about 125 million people worldwide. While psoriasis commonly affects people in the West, it has been widely underreported in Africa, particularly Nigeria. Due to its rare occurrence, only a few studies have investigated the incidence and prevalence of psoriasis in the country. However, reports demonstrate a low prevalence of psoriasis in Nigeria, estimating only about 0.33% of sufferers. Access to treatment options has been challenging due to the unavailability and high costs associated with existing options. Genomic tools and research offer promising advancements for more effective and personalized treatment options. One of these is genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which has been instrumental in identifying new therapeutic targets. However, integrating these tools into clinical practice in Nigeria faces barriers such as limited funding, shortage of skilled personnel, inadequate infrastructure, and ethical concerns related to genetic research. This review highlights a need for comprehensive Nigerian population-based studies to accurately assess the prevalence of psoriasis and its impact in Nigeria. Also, it emphasizes the need for increased investment in genomic research, capacity building for researchers and healthcare professionals, and public awareness about psoriasis in Nigeria.