An Overview of Zootechnical Technologies in Traditional Poultry Farming in West Africa and Togo

Abstract

Aims: To take stock of zootechnical technologies implemented to improve the productivity of traditional poultry farming in West Africa and Togo, in order to capitalize on best innovative practices. Methodology: Inventory of zootechnical technologies based on a literature review. The synthesis consisted in analyzing knowledge published in scientific journals and the activity reports of agricultural extension structures. Results: Traditional poultry farming in West Africa and Togo is of multidimensional importance at the same time nutritional, socio-economic, socio-cultural and religious.  It is characterized by the use of local poultry breeds for egg and meat production. Birds often live freely around dwellings, feeding on food scraps, insects and agro-industrial by-products, and drinking from water collected in discarded utensils. The main zootechnical technologies available and applicable to improve productivity are: semi-divagation rearing; construction of traditional improved poultry houses (PTA) equipped with feeders and drinkers, regular distribution of feed and water, feed supplementation, use of adapted improved poultry breeds, respect of sex ratio and use of chick houses. Conclusion: The dissemination of these technologies and their adoption by traditional poultry farmers is a major challenge to be met in order to improve productivity and thus fight poverty and satisfy the animal protein needs of populations.