Ecological Role of Spiders in Terrestrial Ecosystem and Their Conservation Priorities

Abstract

Spiders are members of the phylum Arthropoda, the largest phylum of animal groups in the world under the class Arachnida. Spiders are ubiquitous in distribution, invade almost every type of habitat, and are the most abundant invertebrate predators in terrestrial ecosystems. Nearly 47,617species of spiders under 4,092 genera in 114 families were recorded in the world. Spiders are a key component of terrestrial ecosystems, occupying a unique position in food webs. As predators, they are important in the regulation of invertebrate populations, which include pest species, and as prey, they provide food for other invertebrates and birds. They are important components of the food chain. This is not withstanding the contribution they make to ecosystems in their own right.Spider silk has unique properties that have potential applications in medicine and technology. Many species of spiders have been used as medicines. As bee populations plummet, spiders might be the next solution to the pollination process. Spiders are among the most fascinating creatures on earth, and their importance in scientific research cannot be overstated. Spiders play a critical role in maintaining ecological balance, and studying their behavior and biology can greatly advance our understanding of the natural world. The witnessing role of spiders in terrestrial ecosystems has made them ecologically important. In the past few years, spiders have faced several threats that have affected their populations and diversity. Prior conservation programs are required to protect this species from being more vulnerable and endangered.