Effective Biopesticides Analysis for Blast Disease of Rice in Ranchi District of Jharkhand State, India

Abstract

Blast disease in Rice was first reported in China in1637, in India it was first reported in 1918 Pyricularia oryzae, a fungus of Ascomycota release septate pear form conidia attack host’s leaves, node, internode area. In 1919-1920 Japan was affected by blast of rice create 40-90% yield losses, Rice blast disease was outbreak,1943 at the time of second world war in Bengal, Bangladesh, 800,000-3.8 million people died due to starvation, malaria, malnutrition known as Bengal Famine.1980-1990 Brazil was suffering continuously from rice blast, causes 100% crop loss in humid wet condition.In past 2021-2022 blast of rice  disease incidence(DI) increase by 17.13 in Malda district of West Bengal. Chemical pesticide Carbendazim (0.2%) then Propiconazole (0.1%) application reduced blast DI 3.12%. Lots of Blast disease resistance varieties were developed, like Phalguna (CR Dhan 801) from ICAR-NRRI of Cuttack, Odisha in 2011. Swarna Mukhi, Jaya, Kotha, Apoorva by the Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Maruteru, Andhra Pradesh. IR-36, IR-64 were released from IRRI, CO-50 from Tamil Nadu Agriculture University, ADT-36 and ADT-37 selected from Aduthurai Rice Research Station in Tamil Nadu many more but problems were not solved completely. NRRI demonstrated an effective botanical plant extraction made up of leaves of Aegle marmelos (Bael) and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) against rice blast. In this experiment, Invasive Plants were chosen as biopesticides for their high quality of resistance capacity against any pathogen. Lantana camera, Ipomoea carnea, and Parthenium heterosporous were collected and used for their extraction as biopesticide tagging with T1-Lantana camera extract, T2-Ipomoea carnea extract, T3 for the extraction of Parthenium heterosporous and T4 used mixture of all.  Chemical Pesticide (T5), Only Infection (T6) and Control (T7) were used for comparison purposes. All over the experimental plot T2 Ipomoea extracted solution worked very effectively as compared to others, T1, T3, T4, and T5 were more or less similar impact against Blast disease.