Lightning Risk Analysis of a Power Microgrid

Abstract

Aims: This paper provides an in-depth description of lightning risk analysis and related protection standards as an introductory guideline to alert microgrid (MG) designers and provide basic understanding of the lightning phenomena as well as designing effective protection techniques. Study Design: Computer-simulated models for protecting MG components have been developed in order to obtain data and check the validity of the proposed solutions. Place and Duration: This study was carried out in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada during the period of January 2011 to January 2012. Methodology: Models are developed using the graphical environment of MATLAB and PSCAD corresponding to a proposed MG at the University of Ottawa campus. As part of lightning risk management, two simplified lightning preventive techniques are considered: a MG and related distribution network taking into account the presence of transformers and the surge transfer through transmission lines within the MG environment. Conclusion: It is concluded that: (1) placing one or more shielding wires on a rooftop is an inexpensive yet reliable way to provide lightning protection for a MG environment; and (2) right surge arrester needs to be chosen for each application in order to have sufficient operating voltage and a surge current voltage low enough to keep the MG transformers and distribution lines safe.