Antibacterial Effect of Newbouldia laevis Leaf Extract on Vancomycin and Methicillin Resistant Bacterial Isolates from Federal Medical Center, Owo

Abstract

Antibacterial effect of Methanol extract of Newbouldia laevis {Tree of life} leaf on vancomycin and methicilin resistant bacteria isolates obtained from urine samples from Federal Medical Center, Owo was assayed. The leaves of N. laevis was collected from Ikole Ekiti and authenticated in the Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure. The bacterial isolated from the samples namely: E. coli, K. pnuemoniae, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and    P. mirabilis were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity tests using disc diffusion method. Methanol extract of N. laevis was obtained using the cold extraction method. Phytochemical screening of the extract was assayed and inhibitory activity of the extract against the isolated bacteria was carried out using agar well diffusion technique. The concentration of 500 mg/ml was used and the zones of inhibition recorded. The isolates were resistant to vancomycin and methicilin. The extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, alkanoids, phenolics, saponin and cardiac glycosides. Antibacterial activity revealed that Methanol extract exhibited highest potency against                             K. pnuemoniae with 29.03±0.01f and the least activity against E. coli with 22.90±0.17a. This study has shown that, isolated bacteria were resistant to vancomycin and methicillin. The phytochemical investigation of N. laevis leaf extracts revealed the presence of constituents which could be the basis for their medicinal potency against methicillin and vancomycin resistant organisms.