Aquaculture in Algeria: Current Status, Analysis, and Considerations for Commercial Development

Abstract

Aquaculture in Algeria has developed significantly since the 1920s, primarily focusing on oyster and mussel farming. Establishing the Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources (MPRH) in 1999 marked a crucial milestone for the industry. Despite challenges in data collection, Algerian aquaculture production reached only 4,779.29 tonnes in 2021, showing a mere 0.2% of African production and 0.0044% of world aquaculture production. More than half of production comes from marine fish cultured in private-sector sea cages. However, shrimp production is almost null. The taxonomic composition of Algerian aquaculture is diverse, with marine and freshwater fish species playing prominent roles. Despite these challenges, the aquaculture field in Algeria has demonstrated an impressive annual growth rate of 12.49% and receives continuous government support. Nevertheless, limited infrastructure, a shortage of expertise, and the need for further research pose significant obstacles. Efforts are underway to integrate aquaculture with agriculture in Saharan zones, further facilitated by governmental support. Overcoming challenges and promoting sustainability through strengthening research capacities, fostering collaboration, and providing financial support is crucial for the advancement of industry. By addressing challenges and embracing sustainability, the aquaculture sector in Algeria can unlock its full potential, ensuring food security, economic growth, and environmental sustainability.