Multi-Drug Resistant Bacterial Status of Borehole Water in Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria

Abstract

Transmission of pathogens through water is of grave public health concern. Bacteria are of major concern because of the pathogenicity and etiologic agents of life threatening infections. The multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial status of the borehole water samples from Kogi State University, Anyigba was studied. The samples ten each from point A and B were collected from two main borehole water sources and analyzed for MDR bacteria. A total of seven isolates (Echerichia coli, Bacillus sp, Klebsiella sp, Pseudomonas sp, Staphylococcus sp, Streptococcus sp and Salmonella sp) were identified by standard microbiological methods. Phenotypic identification of antibiotic resistance profile using the disk diffusion method was carried out. Pseudomonas sp, Streptococcus sp, Staphylococcus sp, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. were found to be 100% resistant to all the imported antibiotics while 55.6% and 66.7% resistance were recorded for Salmonella sp. and Bacillus sp respectively. Percentage resistance to all indigenous antibiotics recorded were 40% for Pseudomonas sp., 30% for Salmonella sp, 40% for Escherichia coli, 30% for Klebsiella sp, 20% for Staphylococcus sp, 20% for Streptococcus sp, and 10% for Bacillus sp. The results showed that all the isolates were multi drug resistant (MDR) and the presence of these organisms poses great risk to the university community as well as individuals that consume the water and use for other domestic purposes.