Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Interaction between Phagocytic Cells with Antiphagocytic Properties of Cryptococcus neoformans: When Love and Hate Collide

Forman Erwin Siagian

International Blood Research & Reviews · pp. 41–51 · Published 20 Feb 2021

10.9734/ibrr/2021/v12i130144

Abstract

Global systemic fungal infection, including meningeal cryptococcosis caused by the encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus spp, continue to rise in number, especially among HIV infected individuals. Infection occur through inhalation of spore which is abundant in the environment. Initially this fungus stay in the lungs for a certain time without causing any symptoms and when the host’s cellular immune status is depleted, it can uses monocyte as a vehicle to take them to the brain, using a mechanism called Trojan Horse mechanism. Normal alveolar macrophage as the first line of innate immune system in the lungs are supposed to phagocytose, internalized and then destroy it inside an organelle named phagolysosome. But Cryptococcus spp seemed to have a built in antiphagocytic mechanism to avoid destruction and even can multiply therein. The interaction between this clever yeast and the host’s phagocytic cells determine the course of the disease.

Macrophage monocyte yeast polysaccharide capsule virulence.

References (29)

  1. 1 Cryptococcal meningitis: epidemiology, immunology, diagnosis and therapy [DOI]
  2. 2 Fungal diseases as neglected pathogens: A wake-up call to public health officials [DOI]
  3. 3 The life cycle of phagosomes: formation, maturation, and resolution [DOI]
  4. 4 Macrophages Recognize Size and Shape of Their Targets [DOI]
  5. 5 When two is better than one: macrophages and neutrophils work in concert in innate immunity as complementary and cooperative partners of a myeloid phagocyte system [DOI]
  6. 6 Trojan Horse Transit Contributes to Blood-Brain Barrier Crossing of a Eukaryotic Pathogen [DOI]
  7. 7 How Viral and Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens Reprogram the Metabolism of Host Cells to Allow Their Intracellular Replication [DOI]
  8. 8 Effects of Microparticle Size and Fc Density on Macrophage Phagocytosis [DOI]
  9. 9 Cryptococcal Meningitis Diagnostics and Screening in the Era of Point-of-Care Laboratory Testing [DOI]
  10. 10 The first line of defence: insights into mechanisms and relevance of phagocytosis in epithelial cells [DOI]
  11. 11 Identification of App1 as a regulator of phagocytosis and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans [DOI]
  12. 12 Role of Dendritic Cells and Alveolar Macrophages in Regulating Early Host Defense against Pulmonary Infection withCryptococcus neoformans [DOI]
  13. 13 Life Cycle ofCryptococcus neoformans [DOI]
  14. 14 Cryptococcal pathogenic mechanisms: a dangerous trip from the environment to the brain [DOI]
  15. 15 Pathways of host cell exit by intracellular pathogens [DOI]
  16. 16 Role of Phagocytosis in the Virulence ofCryptococcus neoformans [DOI]
  17. 17 Catch me if you can: phagocytosis and killing avoidance by Cryptococcus neoformans [DOI]
  18. 18 HDAC genes play distinct and redundant roles in Cryptococcus neoformans virulence [DOI]
  19. 19 The Outcome of the Cryptococcus neoformans–Macrophage Interaction Depends on Phagolysosomal Membrane Integrity [DOI]
  20. 20 Pulmonary Macrophage and Dendritic Cell Responses to Cryptococcus neoformans [DOI]
  21. 21 Cryptococcal Meningitis in an Apparent Immunocompetent Patient [DOI]
  22. 22 Dangerous Liaisons: Interactions of Cryptococcus neoformans with Host Phagocytes [DOI]
  23. 23 Nutritional Requirements and Their Importance for Virulence of Pathogenic Cryptococcus Species [DOI]
  24. 24 Virulence Factors as Targets for Anticryptococcal Therapy [DOI]
  25. 25 Cryptococcus neoformans Infection in Mice Lacking Type I Interferon Signaling Leads to Increased Fungal Clearance and IL-4-Dependent Mucin Production in the Lungs [DOI]
  26. 26 High-dose fluconazole in combination with amphotericin B is more efficient than monotherapy in murine model of cryptococcosis [DOI]
  27. 27 The Diverse Roles of Monocytes in Cryptococcosis [DOI]
  28. 28 Networks of fibers and factors: regulation of capsule formation in Cryptococcus neoformans [DOI]
  29. 29 Antiphagocytic protein 1 increases the susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans to amphotericin B and fluconazole [DOI]

Cited by 0

No indexed citations yet.

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

25

Page views

0

PDF downloads

4

Outbound clicks

0

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.