Intelligent Cluster-Based Routing in Radio Network: Practice and Application

Abstract

Over the last two decades, wireless networks have been widely deployed in various regions because of their infrastructure-less nature. This paper presents an adaptive routing solution for radio and hybrid wireless networks using a mobile ad hoc link-cluster architecture with intelligent clustering mechanisms. It explores various routing strategies suited to intelligent radio-grid and ad hoc networks, supported by a systematic review of clustering approaches, link reconfiguration, and optimisation of data transmission. The study proposes a modular architecture for Mobile Intelligent Cluster Controllers (MICCs) and demonstrates real-time simulations of routing using MIDLinux/Raspberry Pi environments. The entire network is partitioned into several clusters employing a Distributed Mobility Adaptive Clustering Algorithm (DMAC) with the cluster-heads acting as gateways connecting clusters. The hybrid network combines high-capacity base stations and mobile ad hoc devices, emphasising efficient information dissemination and reduced uplink usage through dynamic, self-organising clustering. Analytical models are developed for delay analysis, reliability, and two-hop relaying mechanisms. Overall, the research contributes to the development of self-stabilising, adaptive routing strategies in heterogeneous ad hoc networks.