Incidental Finding of Polycystic Kidneys in a Persian Cat with Lower Urinary Tract Disease: A Case Report

Abstract

Urinary obstruction is a common emergency in cats and may be exacerbated by underlying conditions such as polycystic kidney disease (PKD). This case highlights the diagnosis and management of a Persian cat with lower urinary tract disease (LUTD) and incidental PKD. A two-year-old male Persian cat presented with a two-day history of urinary obstruction, anorexia, and absence of defecation. Clinical examination revealed a distended urinary bladder, congested penile mucosa, and sand-like particles at the penile tip. Ultrasonographic evaluation confirmed LUTD associated with PKD, characterized by multiple renal cysts. A Tomcat catheter was used to relieve 40 mL of reddish urine, after which comprehensive diagnostic evaluations were conducted. The treatment regimen comprised intravenous administration of amoxicillin-clavulanate, pantoprazole, ondansetron, and fluid therapy, followed by oral antibiotics, phosphate binders, and nephroprotective agents. By day five, the cat exhibited improved appetite, reduced bladder distension, and stable renal function; however, persistent leukocytosis necessitated further treatment with enrofloxacin. By day 20, substantial clinical improvement was evident, with normalized serum creatinine and decreased phosphorus levels. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach in effectively managing feline LUTD complicated by incidental PKD.